σFSE2=c⋅d⋅f⋅g⋅d953Mssigma sub cap F cap S cap E end-sub squared equals the fraction with numerator c center dot d center dot f center dot g center dot d sub 95 cubed and denominator cap M sub s end-fraction = Mineralogical composition factor = Liberation factor (accounts for intergrown minerals) = Particle shape factor = Size distribution factor d95d sub 95 = Top particle size (95% passing size in cm) Mscap M sub s = Mass of the sample (in grams)
Used to check for normality. Grade distributions are often log-normal rather than normal (Gaussian). Statistical Methods For Mineral Engineers
Operational variables—such as feed grade, slurry density, flotation cell pulp level, and reagent dosage—are characterized using measures of central tendency and dispersion: σFSE2=c⋅d⋅f⋅g⋅d953Mssigma sub cap F cap S cap E