For generations, mainstream Indian history held that the second urbanization of the Indian subcontinent occurred exclusively in the Gangetic plains around the 6th century BCE. The Sangam literature of Tamil Nadu spoke of grand cities and literate societies, but physical proof remained elusive—until excavations began at in 2014.
Names of ancient Sangam Tamil ports and capitals (like Korkai, Vanji, Musiri, and Thondi) exist as names of places, rivers, and mountains in modern-day Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Balochistan. a journey of civilization indus to vaigai pdf